The Asclepion is Kos’ most famous archaeological site, with a history that’s at the heart of the island’s identity and a significance that travels well beyond its shores. Built in the 3rd century BC, it was designed not just as a sanctuary dedicated to Asclepius (the god of healing) but also as a medical school to continue the work of Hippocrates, who lived and taught his progressive medical theories on Kos more than a century earlier. It’s also one of the island’s most serene locations, built over three levels, with sea views and topped by a forest whose soothing aura would have been part of the therapeutic experience.